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4.1.1.1 Atoms, elements and compounds
Paper 1 · Higher combined
Spec reference: 4.1.1.1 (under 4.1.1).
What you need to know
- Halogens
- The halogens are non-metals: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine. As
- you go down the group they become less reactive. It is harder to gain
- an extra electron because its outer shell is further away from the
- nucleus. The melting and boiling points also become higher.
KO match: Group 7 Elements and Noble Gases
Support videos
- FreeScienceLessons (topic playlist): (use links below)
- FreeScienceLessons (Atomic structure playlist): https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL9IouNCPbCxULWXCO9jt0PsuAbxYpw2_1
Self-assessment (checklist)
- I can give a definition for the term ‘atom’.
- I can give a definition for the term ‘element’.
- I can identify an element from its chemical symbol using
- I can use the names and symbols of the first 20 elements,
Key steps (method)
- Identify what the question is testing and use precise chemistry vocabulary.
- If it’s a calculation: write the equation/formula first, then substitute carefully.
Common mistakes
- Missing units/state symbols when asked.
- Giving a statement without linking cause → effect.
Exam-style questions (quick)
- Define the key term(s) for this point in the spec.
- Explain a typical property/result using particle/bonding ideas.
- Do a short calculation or interpretation step relevant to this point.
Practice questions
- PMT: Atomic structure (questions + notes): https://www.physicsandmathstutor.com/chemistry-revision/gcse-aqa/atomic-structure-and-periodic-table