#107
4.5.2.2 Fuel cells
Paper 1 · Higher combined
Spec reference: 4.5.2.2 (under 4.5.2).
What you need to know
- (Key facts / definitions / equations for this spec point)
Support videos
- FreeScienceLessons (topic playlist): (use links below)
- FreeScienceLessons (Energy changes playlist): https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL9IouNCPbCxX74bPfz0TGVVmyGYgMarWu
Self-assessment (checklist)
- I can describe how a potential difference is produced in
- I can evaluate the use of hydrogen fuel cells in
Key steps (method)
- Identify what the question is testing and use precise chemistry vocabulary.
- If it’s a calculation: write the equation/formula first, then substitute carefully.
Common mistakes
- Missing units/state symbols when asked.
- Giving a statement without linking cause → effect.
Exam-style questions (quick)
- Define the key term(s) for this point in the spec.
- Explain a typical property/result using particle/bonding ideas.
- Do a short calculation or interpretation step relevant to this point.
Practice questions
- PMT: Energy changes (questions + notes): https://www.physicsandmathstutor.com/chemistry-revision/gcse-aqa/energy-changes/